wgpu/backend/

wgpu_core.rs

use alloc::{
    borrow::Cow::{self, Borrowed},
    boxed::Box,
    format,
    string::{String, ToString as _},
    sync::Arc,
    vec,
    vec::Vec,
};
use core::{
    error::Error,
    fmt,
    future::ready,
    ops::{Deref, Range},
    pin::Pin,
    ptr::NonNull,
    slice,
};

use arrayvec::ArrayVec;
use smallvec::SmallVec;
use wgc::{
    command::bundle_ffi::*, error::ContextErrorSource, pipeline::CreateShaderModuleError,
    resource::BlasPrepareCompactResult,
};
use wgt::{
    error::{ErrorType, WebGpuError},
    WasmNotSendSync,
};

use crate::util::Mutex;
use crate::{
    api,
    dispatch::{self, BlasCompactCallback, BufferMappedRangeInterface},
    BindingResource, Blas, BufferBinding, BufferDescriptor, CompilationInfo, CompilationMessage,
    CompilationMessageType, ErrorSource, Features, Label, LoadOp, MapMode, Operations,
    ShaderSource, SurfaceTargetUnsafe, TextureDescriptor, Tlas,
};

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct ContextWgpuCore(Arc<wgc::global::Global>);

impl Drop for ContextWgpuCore {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        //nothing
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for ContextWgpuCore {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("ContextWgpuCore")
            .field("type", &"Native")
            .finish()
    }
}

impl ContextWgpuCore {
    pub unsafe fn from_hal_instance<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(hal_instance: A::Instance) -> Self {
        Self(unsafe {
            Arc::new(wgc::global::Global::from_hal_instance::<A>(
                "wgpu",
                hal_instance,
            ))
        })
    }

    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// - The raw instance handle returned must not be manually destroyed.
    pub unsafe fn instance_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(&self) -> Option<&A::Instance> {
        unsafe { self.0.instance_as_hal::<A>() }
    }

    pub unsafe fn from_core_instance(core_instance: wgc::instance::Instance) -> Self {
        Self(unsafe { Arc::new(wgc::global::Global::from_instance(core_instance)) })
    }

    #[cfg(wgpu_core)]
    pub fn enumerate_adapters(&self, backends: wgt::Backends) -> Vec<wgc::id::AdapterId> {
        self.0.enumerate_adapters(backends)
    }

    pub unsafe fn create_adapter_from_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        hal_adapter: hal::ExposedAdapter<A>,
    ) -> wgc::id::AdapterId {
        unsafe { self.0.create_adapter_from_hal(hal_adapter.into(), None) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn adapter_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        adapter: &CoreAdapter,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Adapter> + WasmNotSendSync> {
        unsafe { self.0.adapter_as_hal::<A>(adapter.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn buffer_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        buffer: &CoreBuffer,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Buffer>> {
        unsafe { self.0.buffer_as_hal::<A>(buffer.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn create_device_from_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        adapter: &CoreAdapter,
        hal_device: hal::OpenDevice<A>,
        desc: &crate::DeviceDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> Result<(CoreDevice, CoreQueue), crate::RequestDeviceError> {
        if !matches!(desc.trace, wgt::Trace::Off) {
            log::error!(
                "
                Feature 'trace' has been removed temporarily; \
                see https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/issues/5974. \
                The `trace` parameter will have no effect."
            );
        }

        let (device_id, queue_id) = unsafe {
            self.0.create_device_from_hal(
                adapter.id,
                hal_device.into(),
                &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
                None,
                None,
            )
        }?;
        let error_sink = Arc::new(Mutex::new(ErrorSinkRaw::new()));
        let device = CoreDevice {
            context: self.clone(),
            id: device_id,
            error_sink: error_sink.clone(),
            features: desc.required_features,
        };
        let queue = CoreQueue {
            context: self.clone(),
            id: queue_id,
            error_sink,
        };
        Ok((device, queue))
    }

    pub unsafe fn create_texture_from_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        hal_texture: A::Texture,
        device: &CoreDevice,
        desc: &TextureDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> CoreTexture {
        let descriptor = desc.map_label_and_view_formats(|l| l.map(Borrowed), |v| v.to_vec());
        let (id, error) = unsafe {
            self.0
                .create_texture_from_hal(Box::new(hal_texture), device.id, &descriptor, None)
        };
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.handle_error(
                &device.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_texture_from_hal",
            );
        }
        CoreTexture {
            context: self.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&device.error_sink),
        }
    }

    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// - `hal_buffer` must be created from `device`.
    /// - `hal_buffer` must be created respecting `desc`
    /// - `hal_buffer` must be initialized
    /// - `hal_buffer` must not have zero size.
    pub unsafe fn create_buffer_from_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        hal_buffer: A::Buffer,
        device: &CoreDevice,
        desc: &BufferDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> CoreBuffer {
        let (id, error) = unsafe {
            self.0.create_buffer_from_hal::<A>(
                hal_buffer,
                device.id,
                &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
                None,
            )
        };
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.handle_error(
                &device.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_buffer_from_hal",
            );
        }
        CoreBuffer {
            context: self.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&device.error_sink),
        }
    }

    pub unsafe fn device_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        device: &CoreDevice,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Device>> {
        unsafe { self.0.device_as_hal::<A>(device.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn surface_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        surface: &CoreSurface,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Surface>> {
        unsafe { self.0.surface_as_hal::<A>(surface.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn texture_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        texture: &CoreTexture,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Texture>> {
        unsafe { self.0.texture_as_hal::<A>(texture.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn texture_view_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        texture_view: &CoreTextureView,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::TextureView>> {
        unsafe { self.0.texture_view_as_hal::<A>(texture_view.id) }
    }

    /// This method will start the wgpu_core level command recording.
    pub unsafe fn command_encoder_as_hal_mut<
        A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi,
        F: FnOnce(Option<&mut A::CommandEncoder>) -> R,
        R,
    >(
        &self,
        command_encoder: &CoreCommandEncoder,
        hal_command_encoder_callback: F,
    ) -> R {
        unsafe {
            self.0.command_encoder_as_hal_mut::<A, F, R>(
                command_encoder.id,
                hal_command_encoder_callback,
            )
        }
    }

    pub unsafe fn blas_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        blas: &CoreBlas,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::AccelerationStructure>> {
        unsafe { self.0.blas_as_hal::<A>(blas.id) }
    }

    pub unsafe fn tlas_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        tlas: &CoreTlas,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::AccelerationStructure>> {
        unsafe { self.0.tlas_as_hal::<A>(tlas.id) }
    }

    pub fn generate_report(&self) -> wgc::global::GlobalReport {
        self.0.generate_report()
    }

    #[cold]
    #[track_caller]
    #[inline(never)]
    fn handle_error_inner(
        &self,
        sink_mutex: &Mutex<ErrorSinkRaw>,
        error_type: ErrorType,
        source: ContextErrorSource,
        label: Label<'_>,
        fn_ident: &'static str,
    ) {
        let source: ErrorSource = Box::new(wgc::error::ContextError {
            fn_ident,
            source,
            label: label.unwrap_or_default().to_string(),
        });
        let mut sink = sink_mutex.lock();
        let description = || self.format_error(&*source);
        let error = match error_type {
            ErrorType::Internal => {
                let description = description();
                crate::Error::Internal {
                    source,
                    description,
                }
            }
            ErrorType::OutOfMemory => crate::Error::OutOfMemory { source },
            ErrorType::Validation => {
                let description = description();
                crate::Error::Validation {
                    source,
                    description,
                }
            }
            ErrorType::DeviceLost => return, // will be surfaced via callback
        };
        sink.handle_error(error);
    }

    #[inline]
    #[track_caller]
    fn handle_error(
        &self,
        sink_mutex: &Mutex<ErrorSinkRaw>,
        source: impl WebGpuError + WasmNotSendSync + 'static,
        label: Label<'_>,
        fn_ident: &'static str,
    ) {
        let error_type = source.webgpu_error_type();
        self.handle_error_inner(sink_mutex, error_type, Box::new(source), label, fn_ident)
    }

    #[inline]
    #[track_caller]
    fn handle_error_nolabel(
        &self,
        sink_mutex: &Mutex<ErrorSinkRaw>,
        source: impl WebGpuError + WasmNotSendSync + 'static,
        fn_ident: &'static str,
    ) {
        let error_type = source.webgpu_error_type();
        self.handle_error_inner(sink_mutex, error_type, Box::new(source), None, fn_ident)
    }

    #[track_caller]
    #[cold]
    fn handle_error_fatal(
        &self,
        cause: impl Error + WasmNotSendSync + 'static,
        operation: &'static str,
    ) -> ! {
        panic!("Error in {operation}: {f}", f = self.format_error(&cause));
    }

    #[inline(never)]
    fn format_error(&self, err: &(dyn Error + 'static)) -> String {
        let mut output = String::new();
        let mut level = 1;

        fn print_tree(output: &mut String, level: &mut usize, e: &(dyn Error + 'static)) {
            let mut print = |e: &(dyn Error + 'static)| {
                use core::fmt::Write;
                writeln!(output, "{}{}", " ".repeat(*level * 2), e).unwrap();

                if let Some(e) = e.source() {
                    *level += 1;
                    print_tree(output, level, e);
                    *level -= 1;
                }
            };
            if let Some(multi) = e.downcast_ref::<wgc::error::MultiError>() {
                for e in multi.errors() {
                    print(e);
                }
            } else {
                print(e);
            }
        }

        print_tree(&mut output, &mut level, err);

        format!("Validation Error\n\nCaused by:\n{output}")
    }

    pub unsafe fn queue_as_hal<A: wgc::hal_api::HalApi>(
        &self,
        queue: &CoreQueue,
    ) -> Option<impl Deref<Target = A::Queue> + WasmNotSendSync> {
        unsafe { self.0.queue_as_hal::<A>(queue.id) }
    }
}

fn map_buffer_copy_view(view: crate::TexelCopyBufferInfo<'_>) -> wgc::command::TexelCopyBufferInfo {
    wgc::command::TexelCopyBufferInfo {
        buffer: view.buffer.inner.as_core().id,
        layout: view.layout,
    }
}

fn map_texture_copy_view(
    view: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
) -> wgc::command::TexelCopyTextureInfo {
    wgc::command::TexelCopyTextureInfo {
        texture: view.texture.inner.as_core().id,
        mip_level: view.mip_level,
        origin: view.origin,
        aspect: view.aspect,
    }
}

#[cfg_attr(not(webgl), expect(unused))]
fn map_texture_tagged_copy_view(
    view: crate::CopyExternalImageDestInfo<&api::Texture>,
) -> wgc::command::CopyExternalImageDestInfo {
    wgc::command::CopyExternalImageDestInfo {
        texture: view.texture.inner.as_core().id,
        mip_level: view.mip_level,
        origin: view.origin,
        aspect: view.aspect,
        color_space: view.color_space,
        premultiplied_alpha: view.premultiplied_alpha,
    }
}

fn map_load_op<V: Copy>(load: &LoadOp<V>) -> LoadOp<Option<V>> {
    match load {
        LoadOp::Clear(clear_value) => LoadOp::Clear(Some(*clear_value)),
        LoadOp::Load => LoadOp::Load,
    }
}

fn map_pass_channel<V: Copy>(ops: Option<&Operations<V>>) -> wgc::command::PassChannel<Option<V>> {
    match ops {
        Some(&Operations { load, store }) => wgc::command::PassChannel {
            load_op: Some(map_load_op(&load)),
            store_op: Some(store),
            read_only: false,
        },
        None => wgc::command::PassChannel {
            load_op: None,
            store_op: None,
            read_only: true,
        },
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreSurface {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::SurfaceId,
    /// Configured device is needed to know which backend
    /// code to execute when acquiring a new frame.
    configured_device: Mutex<Option<wgc::id::DeviceId>>,
    /// The error sink with which to report errors.
    /// `None` if the surface has not been configured.
    error_sink: Mutex<Option<ErrorSink>>,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreAdapter {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    pub(crate) id: wgc::id::AdapterId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreDevice {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::DeviceId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
    features: Features,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreBuffer {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::BufferId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreShaderModule {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::ShaderModuleId,
    compilation_info: CompilationInfo,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreBindGroupLayout {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::BindGroupLayoutId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreBindGroup {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::BindGroupId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreTexture {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::TextureId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreTextureView {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::TextureViewId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreSampler {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::SamplerId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreQuerySet {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::QuerySetId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CorePipelineLayout {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::PipelineLayoutId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CorePipelineCache {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::PipelineCacheId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreCommandBuffer {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::CommandBufferId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreRenderBundleEncoder {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    encoder: wgc::command::RenderBundleEncoder,
    id: crate::cmp::Identifier,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreRenderBundle {
    id: wgc::id::RenderBundleId,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreQueue {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::QueueId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreComputePipeline {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::ComputePipelineId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreRenderPipeline {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::RenderPipelineId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreComputePass {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    pass: wgc::command::ComputePass,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
    id: crate::cmp::Identifier,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreRenderPass {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    pass: wgc::command::RenderPass,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
    id: crate::cmp::Identifier,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreCommandEncoder {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::CommandEncoderId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
    open: bool,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreBlas {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::BlasId,
    error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreTlas {
    pub(crate) context: ContextWgpuCore,
    id: wgc::id::TlasId,
    // error_sink: ErrorSink,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreSurfaceOutputDetail {
    context: ContextWgpuCore,
    surface_id: wgc::id::SurfaceId,
}

type ErrorSink = Arc<Mutex<ErrorSinkRaw>>;

struct ErrorScope {
    error: Option<crate::Error>,
    filter: crate::ErrorFilter,
}

struct ErrorSinkRaw {
    scopes: Vec<ErrorScope>,
    uncaptured_handler: Option<Box<dyn crate::UncapturedErrorHandler>>,
}

impl ErrorSinkRaw {
    fn new() -> ErrorSinkRaw {
        ErrorSinkRaw {
            scopes: Vec::new(),
            uncaptured_handler: None,
        }
    }

    #[track_caller]
    fn handle_error(&mut self, err: crate::Error) {
        let filter = match err {
            crate::Error::OutOfMemory { .. } => crate::ErrorFilter::OutOfMemory,
            crate::Error::Validation { .. } => crate::ErrorFilter::Validation,
            crate::Error::Internal { .. } => crate::ErrorFilter::Internal,
        };
        match self
            .scopes
            .iter_mut()
            .rev()
            .find(|scope| scope.filter == filter)
        {
            Some(scope) => {
                if scope.error.is_none() {
                    scope.error = Some(err);
                }
            }
            None => {
                if let Some(custom_handler) = self.uncaptured_handler.as_ref() {
                    (custom_handler)(err);
                } else {
                    // direct call preserves #[track_caller] where dyn can't
                    default_error_handler(err);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for ErrorSinkRaw {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
        write!(f, "ErrorSink")
    }
}

#[track_caller]
fn default_error_handler(err: crate::Error) {
    log::error!("Handling wgpu errors as fatal by default");
    panic!("wgpu error: {err}\n");
}

impl From<CreateShaderModuleError> for CompilationInfo {
    fn from(value: CreateShaderModuleError) -> Self {
        match value {
            #[cfg(feature = "wgsl")]
            CreateShaderModuleError::Parsing(v) => v.into(),
            #[cfg(feature = "glsl")]
            CreateShaderModuleError::ParsingGlsl(v) => v.into(),
            #[cfg(feature = "spirv")]
            CreateShaderModuleError::ParsingSpirV(v) => v.into(),
            CreateShaderModuleError::Validation(v) => v.into(),
            // Device errors are reported through the error sink, and are not compilation errors.
            // Same goes for native shader module generation errors.
            CreateShaderModuleError::Device(_) | CreateShaderModuleError::Generation => {
                CompilationInfo {
                    messages: Vec::new(),
                }
            }
            // Everything else is an error message without location information.
            _ => CompilationInfo {
                messages: vec![CompilationMessage {
                    message: value.to_string(),
                    message_type: CompilationMessageType::Error,
                    location: None,
                }],
            },
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreQueueWriteBuffer {
    buffer_id: wgc::id::StagingBufferId,
    mapping: CoreBufferMappedRange,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct CoreBufferMappedRange {
    ptr: NonNull<u8>,
    size: usize,
}

#[cfg(send_sync)]
unsafe impl Send for CoreBufferMappedRange {}
#[cfg(send_sync)]
unsafe impl Sync for CoreBufferMappedRange {}

impl Drop for CoreBufferMappedRange {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        // Intentionally left blank so that `BufferMappedRange` still
        // implements `Drop`, to match the web backend
    }
}

crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_arc_address!(ContextWgpuCore => .0);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreAdapter => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreDevice => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreQueue => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreShaderModule => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreBindGroupLayout => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreBindGroup => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreTextureView => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreSampler => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreBuffer => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreTexture => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreBlas => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreTlas => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreQuerySet => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CorePipelineLayout => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreRenderPipeline => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreComputePipeline => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CorePipelineCache => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreCommandEncoder => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreComputePass => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreRenderPass => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreCommandBuffer => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreRenderBundleEncoder => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreRenderBundle => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreSurface => .id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreSurfaceOutputDetail => .surface_id);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreQueueWriteBuffer => .mapping.ptr);
crate::cmp::impl_eq_ord_hash_proxy!(CoreBufferMappedRange => .ptr);

impl dispatch::InstanceInterface for ContextWgpuCore {
    fn new(desc: &wgt::InstanceDescriptor) -> Self
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        Self(Arc::new(wgc::global::Global::new("wgpu", desc)))
    }

    unsafe fn create_surface(
        &self,
        target: crate::api::SurfaceTargetUnsafe,
    ) -> Result<dispatch::DispatchSurface, crate::CreateSurfaceError> {
        let id = match target {
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::RawHandle {
                raw_display_handle,
                raw_window_handle,
            } => unsafe {
                self.0
                    .instance_create_surface(raw_display_handle, raw_window_handle, None)
            },

            #[cfg(all(unix, not(target_vendor = "apple"), not(target_family = "wasm")))]
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::Drm {
                fd,
                plane,
                connector_id,
                width,
                height,
                refresh_rate,
            } => unsafe {
                self.0.instance_create_surface_from_drm(
                    fd,
                    plane,
                    connector_id,
                    width,
                    height,
                    refresh_rate,
                    None,
                )
            },

            #[cfg(metal)]
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::CoreAnimationLayer(layer) => unsafe {
                self.0.instance_create_surface_metal(layer, None)
            },

            #[cfg(dx12)]
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::CompositionVisual(visual) => unsafe {
                self.0.instance_create_surface_from_visual(visual, None)
            },

            #[cfg(dx12)]
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::SurfaceHandle(surface_handle) => unsafe {
                self.0
                    .instance_create_surface_from_surface_handle(surface_handle, None)
            },

            #[cfg(dx12)]
            SurfaceTargetUnsafe::SwapChainPanel(swap_chain_panel) => unsafe {
                self.0
                    .instance_create_surface_from_swap_chain_panel(swap_chain_panel, None)
            },
        }?;

        Ok(CoreSurface {
            context: self.clone(),
            id,
            configured_device: Mutex::default(),
            error_sink: Mutex::default(),
        }
        .into())
    }

    fn request_adapter(
        &self,
        options: &crate::api::RequestAdapterOptions<'_, '_>,
    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn dispatch::RequestAdapterFuture>> {
        let id = self.0.request_adapter(
            &wgc::instance::RequestAdapterOptions {
                power_preference: options.power_preference,
                force_fallback_adapter: options.force_fallback_adapter,
                compatible_surface: options
                    .compatible_surface
                    .map(|surface| surface.inner.as_core().id),
            },
            wgt::Backends::all(),
            None,
        );
        let adapter = id.map(|id| {
            let core = CoreAdapter {
                context: self.clone(),
                id,
            };
            let generic: dispatch::DispatchAdapter = core.into();
            generic
        });
        Box::pin(ready(adapter))
    }

    fn poll_all_devices(&self, force_wait: bool) -> bool {
        match self.0.poll_all_devices(force_wait) {
            Ok(all_queue_empty) => all_queue_empty,
            Err(err) => self.handle_error_fatal(err, "Instance::poll_all_devices"),
        }
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "wgsl")]
    fn wgsl_language_features(&self) -> crate::WgslLanguageFeatures {
        use wgc::naga::front::wgsl::ImplementedLanguageExtension;
        ImplementedLanguageExtension::all().iter().copied().fold(
            crate::WgslLanguageFeatures::empty(),
            |acc, wle| {
                acc | match wle {
                    ImplementedLanguageExtension::ReadOnlyAndReadWriteStorageTextures => {
                        crate::WgslLanguageFeatures::ReadOnlyAndReadWriteStorageTextures
                    }
                    ImplementedLanguageExtension::Packed4x8IntegerDotProduct => {
                        crate::WgslLanguageFeatures::Packed4x8IntegerDotProduct
                    }
                    ImplementedLanguageExtension::PointerCompositeAccess => {
                        crate::WgslLanguageFeatures::PointerCompositeAccess
                    }
                }
            },
        )
    }
}

impl dispatch::AdapterInterface for CoreAdapter {
    fn request_device(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::DeviceDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> Pin<Box<dyn dispatch::RequestDeviceFuture>> {
        if !matches!(desc.trace, wgt::Trace::Off) {
            log::error!(
                "
                Feature 'trace' has been removed temporarily; \
                see https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu/issues/5974. \
                The `trace` parameter will have no effect."
            );
        }

        let res = self.context.0.adapter_request_device(
            self.id,
            &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
            None,
            None,
        );
        let (device_id, queue_id) = match res {
            Ok(ids) => ids,
            Err(err) => {
                return Box::pin(ready(Err(err.into())));
            }
        };
        let error_sink = Arc::new(Mutex::new(ErrorSinkRaw::new()));
        let device = CoreDevice {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id: device_id,
            error_sink: error_sink.clone(),
            features: desc.required_features,
        };
        let queue = CoreQueue {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id: queue_id,
            error_sink,
        };
        Box::pin(ready(Ok((device.into(), queue.into()))))
    }

    fn is_surface_supported(&self, surface: &dispatch::DispatchSurface) -> bool {
        let surface = surface.as_core();

        self.context
            .0
            .adapter_is_surface_supported(self.id, surface.id)
    }

    fn features(&self) -> crate::Features {
        self.context.0.adapter_features(self.id)
    }

    fn limits(&self) -> crate::Limits {
        self.context.0.adapter_limits(self.id)
    }

    fn downlevel_capabilities(&self) -> crate::DownlevelCapabilities {
        self.context.0.adapter_downlevel_capabilities(self.id)
    }

    fn get_info(&self) -> crate::AdapterInfo {
        self.context.0.adapter_get_info(self.id)
    }

    fn get_texture_format_features(
        &self,
        format: crate::TextureFormat,
    ) -> crate::TextureFormatFeatures {
        self.context
            .0
            .adapter_get_texture_format_features(self.id, format)
    }

    fn get_presentation_timestamp(&self) -> crate::PresentationTimestamp {
        self.context.0.adapter_get_presentation_timestamp(self.id)
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreAdapter {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.adapter_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::DeviceInterface for CoreDevice {
    fn features(&self) -> crate::Features {
        self.context.0.device_features(self.id)
    }

    fn limits(&self) -> crate::Limits {
        self.context.0.device_limits(self.id)
    }

    // If we have no way to create a shader module, we can't return one, and so most of the function is unreachable.
    #[cfg_attr(
        not(any(
            feature = "spirv",
            feature = "glsl",
            feature = "wgsl",
            feature = "naga-ir"
        )),
        expect(unused)
    )]
    fn create_shader_module(
        &self,
        desc: crate::ShaderModuleDescriptor<'_>,
        shader_bound_checks: wgt::ShaderRuntimeChecks,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchShaderModule {
        let descriptor = wgc::pipeline::ShaderModuleDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            runtime_checks: shader_bound_checks,
        };
        let source = match desc.source {
            #[cfg(feature = "spirv")]
            ShaderSource::SpirV(ref spv) => {
                // Parse the given shader code and store its representation.
                let options = naga::front::spv::Options {
                    adjust_coordinate_space: false, // we require NDC_Y_UP feature
                    strict_capabilities: true,
                    block_ctx_dump_prefix: None,
                };
                wgc::pipeline::ShaderModuleSource::SpirV(Borrowed(spv), options)
            }
            #[cfg(feature = "glsl")]
            ShaderSource::Glsl {
                ref shader,
                stage,
                defines,
            } => {
                let options = naga::front::glsl::Options {
                    stage,
                    defines: defines
                        .iter()
                        .map(|&(key, value)| (String::from(key), String::from(value)))
                        .collect(),
                };
                wgc::pipeline::ShaderModuleSource::Glsl(Borrowed(shader), options)
            }
            #[cfg(feature = "wgsl")]
            ShaderSource::Wgsl(ref code) => wgc::pipeline::ShaderModuleSource::Wgsl(Borrowed(code)),
            #[cfg(feature = "naga-ir")]
            ShaderSource::Naga(module) => wgc::pipeline::ShaderModuleSource::Naga(module),
            ShaderSource::Dummy(_) => panic!("found `ShaderSource::Dummy`"),
        };
        let (id, error) =
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_shader_module(self.id, &descriptor, source, None);
        let compilation_info = match error {
            Some(cause) => {
                self.context.handle_error(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    cause.clone(),
                    desc.label,
                    "Device::create_shader_module",
                );
                CompilationInfo::from(cause)
            }
            None => CompilationInfo { messages: vec![] },
        };

        CoreShaderModule {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            compilation_info,
        }
        .into()
    }

    unsafe fn create_shader_module_passthrough(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::ShaderModuleDescriptorPassthrough<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchShaderModule {
        let desc = desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Cow::from));
        let (id, error) = unsafe {
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_shader_module_passthrough(self.id, &desc, None)
        };

        let compilation_info = match error {
            Some(cause) => {
                self.context.handle_error(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    cause.clone(),
                    desc.label().as_deref(),
                    "Device::create_shader_module_passthrough",
                );
                CompilationInfo::from(cause)
            }
            None => CompilationInfo { messages: vec![] },
        };

        CoreShaderModule {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            compilation_info,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_bind_group_layout(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchBindGroupLayout {
        let descriptor = wgc::binding_model::BindGroupLayoutDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            entries: Borrowed(desc.entries),
        };
        let (id, error) =
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_bind_group_layout(self.id, &descriptor, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_bind_group_layout",
            );
        }
        CoreBindGroupLayout {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_bind_group(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::BindGroupDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchBindGroup {
        use wgc::binding_model as bm;

        let mut arrayed_texture_views = Vec::new();
        let mut arrayed_samplers = Vec::new();
        if self.features.contains(Features::TEXTURE_BINDING_ARRAY) {
            // gather all the array view IDs first
            for entry in desc.entries.iter() {
                if let BindingResource::TextureViewArray(array) = entry.resource {
                    arrayed_texture_views.extend(array.iter().map(|view| view.inner.as_core().id));
                }
                if let BindingResource::SamplerArray(array) = entry.resource {
                    arrayed_samplers.extend(array.iter().map(|sampler| sampler.inner.as_core().id));
                }
            }
        }
        let mut remaining_arrayed_texture_views = &arrayed_texture_views[..];
        let mut remaining_arrayed_samplers = &arrayed_samplers[..];

        let mut arrayed_buffer_bindings = Vec::new();
        if self.features.contains(Features::BUFFER_BINDING_ARRAY) {
            // gather all the buffers first
            for entry in desc.entries.iter() {
                if let BindingResource::BufferArray(array) = entry.resource {
                    arrayed_buffer_bindings.extend(array.iter().map(|binding| bm::BufferBinding {
                        buffer: binding.buffer.inner.as_core().id,
                        offset: binding.offset,
                        size: binding.size,
                    }));
                }
            }
        }
        let mut remaining_arrayed_buffer_bindings = &arrayed_buffer_bindings[..];

        let entries = desc
            .entries
            .iter()
            .map(|entry| bm::BindGroupEntry {
                binding: entry.binding,
                resource: match entry.resource {
                    BindingResource::Buffer(BufferBinding {
                        buffer,
                        offset,
                        size,
                    }) => bm::BindingResource::Buffer(bm::BufferBinding {
                        buffer: buffer.inner.as_core().id,
                        offset,
                        size,
                    }),
                    BindingResource::BufferArray(array) => {
                        let slice = &remaining_arrayed_buffer_bindings[..array.len()];
                        remaining_arrayed_buffer_bindings =
                            &remaining_arrayed_buffer_bindings[array.len()..];
                        bm::BindingResource::BufferArray(Borrowed(slice))
                    }
                    BindingResource::Sampler(sampler) => {
                        bm::BindingResource::Sampler(sampler.inner.as_core().id)
                    }
                    BindingResource::SamplerArray(array) => {
                        let slice = &remaining_arrayed_samplers[..array.len()];
                        remaining_arrayed_samplers = &remaining_arrayed_samplers[array.len()..];
                        bm::BindingResource::SamplerArray(Borrowed(slice))
                    }
                    BindingResource::TextureView(texture_view) => {
                        bm::BindingResource::TextureView(texture_view.inner.as_core().id)
                    }
                    BindingResource::TextureViewArray(array) => {
                        let slice = &remaining_arrayed_texture_views[..array.len()];
                        remaining_arrayed_texture_views =
                            &remaining_arrayed_texture_views[array.len()..];
                        bm::BindingResource::TextureViewArray(Borrowed(slice))
                    }
                    BindingResource::AccelerationStructure(acceleration_structure) => {
                        bm::BindingResource::AccelerationStructure(
                            acceleration_structure.inner.as_core().id,
                        )
                    }
                },
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();
        let descriptor = bm::BindGroupDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.as_ref().map(|label| Borrowed(&label[..])),
            layout: desc.layout.inner.as_core().id,
            entries: Borrowed(&entries),
        };

        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .device_create_bind_group(self.id, &descriptor, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_bind_group",
            );
        }
        CoreBindGroup {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_pipeline_layout(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::PipelineLayoutDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchPipelineLayout {
        // Limit is always less or equal to hal::MAX_BIND_GROUPS, so this is always right
        // Guards following ArrayVec
        assert!(
            desc.bind_group_layouts.len() <= wgc::MAX_BIND_GROUPS,
            "Bind group layout count {} exceeds device bind group limit {}",
            desc.bind_group_layouts.len(),
            wgc::MAX_BIND_GROUPS
        );

        let temp_layouts = desc
            .bind_group_layouts
            .iter()
            .map(|bgl| bgl.inner.as_core().id)
            .collect::<ArrayVec<_, { wgc::MAX_BIND_GROUPS }>>();
        let descriptor = wgc::binding_model::PipelineLayoutDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            bind_group_layouts: Borrowed(&temp_layouts),
            push_constant_ranges: Borrowed(desc.push_constant_ranges),
        };

        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .device_create_pipeline_layout(self.id, &descriptor, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_pipeline_layout",
            );
        }
        CorePipelineLayout {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_render_pipeline(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::RenderPipelineDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchRenderPipeline {
        use wgc::pipeline as pipe;

        let vertex_buffers: ArrayVec<_, { wgc::MAX_VERTEX_BUFFERS }> = desc
            .vertex
            .buffers
            .iter()
            .map(|vbuf| pipe::VertexBufferLayout {
                array_stride: vbuf.array_stride,
                step_mode: vbuf.step_mode,
                attributes: Borrowed(vbuf.attributes),
            })
            .collect();

        let vert_constants = desc
            .vertex
            .compilation_options
            .constants
            .iter()
            .map(|&(key, value)| (String::from(key), value))
            .collect();

        let descriptor = pipe::RenderPipelineDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            layout: desc.layout.map(|layout| layout.inner.as_core().id),
            vertex: pipe::VertexState {
                stage: pipe::ProgrammableStageDescriptor {
                    module: desc.vertex.module.inner.as_core().id,
                    entry_point: desc.vertex.entry_point.map(Borrowed),
                    constants: vert_constants,
                    zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: desc
                        .vertex
                        .compilation_options
                        .zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
                },
                buffers: Borrowed(&vertex_buffers),
            },
            primitive: desc.primitive,
            depth_stencil: desc.depth_stencil.clone(),
            multisample: desc.multisample,
            fragment: desc.fragment.as_ref().map(|frag| {
                let frag_constants = frag
                    .compilation_options
                    .constants
                    .iter()
                    .map(|&(key, value)| (String::from(key), value))
                    .collect();
                pipe::FragmentState {
                    stage: pipe::ProgrammableStageDescriptor {
                        module: frag.module.inner.as_core().id,
                        entry_point: frag.entry_point.map(Borrowed),
                        constants: frag_constants,
                        zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: frag
                            .compilation_options
                            .zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
                    },
                    targets: Borrowed(frag.targets),
                }
            }),
            multiview: desc.multiview,
            cache: desc.cache.map(|cache| cache.inner.as_core().id),
        };

        let (id, error) =
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_render_pipeline(self.id, &descriptor, None, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            if let wgc::pipeline::CreateRenderPipelineError::Internal { stage, ref error } = cause {
                log::error!("Shader translation error for stage {:?}: {}", stage, error);
                log::error!("Please report it to https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu");
            }
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_render_pipeline",
            );
        }
        CoreRenderPipeline {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_compute_pipeline(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::ComputePipelineDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchComputePipeline {
        use wgc::pipeline as pipe;

        let constants = desc
            .compilation_options
            .constants
            .iter()
            .map(|&(key, value)| (String::from(key), value))
            .collect();

        let descriptor = pipe::ComputePipelineDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            layout: desc.layout.map(|pll| pll.inner.as_core().id),
            stage: pipe::ProgrammableStageDescriptor {
                module: desc.module.inner.as_core().id,
                entry_point: desc.entry_point.map(Borrowed),
                constants,
                zero_initialize_workgroup_memory: desc
                    .compilation_options
                    .zero_initialize_workgroup_memory,
            },
            cache: desc.cache.map(|cache| cache.inner.as_core().id),
        };

        let (id, error) =
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_compute_pipeline(self.id, &descriptor, None, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            if let wgc::pipeline::CreateComputePipelineError::Internal(ref error) = cause {
                log::error!(
                    "Shader translation error for stage {:?}: {}",
                    wgt::ShaderStages::COMPUTE,
                    error
                );
                log::error!("Please report it to https://github.com/gfx-rs/wgpu");
            }
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_compute_pipeline",
            );
        }
        CoreComputePipeline {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
        }
        .into()
    }

    unsafe fn create_pipeline_cache(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::PipelineCacheDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchPipelineCache {
        use wgc::pipeline as pipe;

        let descriptor = pipe::PipelineCacheDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            data: desc.data.map(Borrowed),
            fallback: desc.fallback,
        };
        let (id, error) = unsafe {
            self.context
                .0
                .device_create_pipeline_cache(self.id, &descriptor, None)
        };
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::device_create_pipeline_cache_init",
            );
        }
        CorePipelineCache {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_buffer(&self, desc: &crate::BufferDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchBuffer {
        let (id, error) = self.context.0.device_create_buffer(
            self.id,
            &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
            None,
        );
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error(&self.error_sink, cause, desc.label, "Device::create_buffer");
        }

        CoreBuffer {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_texture(&self, desc: &crate::TextureDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchTexture {
        let wgt_desc = desc.map_label_and_view_formats(|l| l.map(Borrowed), |v| v.to_vec());
        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .device_create_texture(self.id, &wgt_desc, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_texture",
            );
        }

        CoreTexture {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_blas(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::CreateBlasDescriptor<'_>,
        sizes: crate::BlasGeometrySizeDescriptors,
    ) -> (Option<u64>, dispatch::DispatchBlas) {
        let global = &self.context.0;
        let (id, handle, error) =
            global.device_create_blas(self.id, &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)), sizes, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error(&self.error_sink, cause, desc.label, "Device::create_blas");
        }
        (
            handle,
            CoreBlas {
                context: self.context.clone(),
                id,
                error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
            }
            .into(),
        )
    }

    fn create_tlas(&self, desc: &crate::CreateTlasDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchTlas {
        let global = &self.context.0;
        let (id, error) =
            global.device_create_tlas(self.id, &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)), None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error(&self.error_sink, cause, desc.label, "Device::create_tlas");
        }
        CoreTlas {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            // error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_sampler(&self, desc: &crate::SamplerDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchSampler {
        let descriptor = wgc::resource::SamplerDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            address_modes: [
                desc.address_mode_u,
                desc.address_mode_v,
                desc.address_mode_w,
            ],
            mag_filter: desc.mag_filter,
            min_filter: desc.min_filter,
            mipmap_filter: desc.mipmap_filter,
            lod_min_clamp: desc.lod_min_clamp,
            lod_max_clamp: desc.lod_max_clamp,
            compare: desc.compare,
            anisotropy_clamp: desc.anisotropy_clamp,
            border_color: desc.border_color,
        };

        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .device_create_sampler(self.id, &descriptor, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_sampler",
            );
        }
        CoreSampler {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_query_set(&self, desc: &crate::QuerySetDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchQuerySet {
        let (id, error) = self.context.0.device_create_query_set(
            self.id,
            &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
            None,
        );
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, cause, "Device::create_query_set");
        }
        CoreQuerySet {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_command_encoder(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::CommandEncoderDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchCommandEncoder {
        let (id, error) = self.context.0.device_create_command_encoder(
            self.id,
            &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
            None,
        );
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "Device::create_command_encoder",
            );
        }

        CoreCommandEncoder {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
            error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
            open: true,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn create_render_bundle_encoder(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::RenderBundleEncoderDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchRenderBundleEncoder {
        let descriptor = wgc::command::RenderBundleEncoderDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            color_formats: Borrowed(desc.color_formats),
            depth_stencil: desc.depth_stencil,
            sample_count: desc.sample_count,
            multiview: desc.multiview,
        };
        let encoder = match wgc::command::RenderBundleEncoder::new(&descriptor, self.id, None) {
            Ok(encoder) => encoder,
            Err(e) => panic!("Error in Device::create_render_bundle_encoder: {e}"),
        };

        CoreRenderBundleEncoder {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            encoder,
            id: crate::cmp::Identifier::create(),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn set_device_lost_callback(&self, device_lost_callback: dispatch::BoxDeviceLostCallback) {
        self.context
            .0
            .device_set_device_lost_closure(self.id, device_lost_callback);
    }

    fn on_uncaptured_error(&self, handler: Box<dyn crate::UncapturedErrorHandler>) {
        let mut error_sink = self.error_sink.lock();
        error_sink.uncaptured_handler = Some(handler);
    }

    fn push_error_scope(&self, filter: crate::ErrorFilter) {
        let mut error_sink = self.error_sink.lock();
        error_sink.scopes.push(ErrorScope {
            error: None,
            filter,
        });
    }

    fn pop_error_scope(&self) -> Pin<Box<dyn dispatch::PopErrorScopeFuture>> {
        let mut error_sink = self.error_sink.lock();
        let scope = error_sink.scopes.pop().unwrap();
        Box::pin(ready(scope.error))
    }

    unsafe fn start_graphics_debugger_capture(&self) {
        unsafe {
            self.context
                .0
                .device_start_graphics_debugger_capture(self.id)
        };
    }

    unsafe fn stop_graphics_debugger_capture(&self) {
        unsafe {
            self.context
                .0
                .device_stop_graphics_debugger_capture(self.id)
        };
    }

    fn poll(&self, poll_type: wgt::PollType<u64>) -> Result<crate::PollStatus, crate::PollError> {
        match self.context.0.device_poll(self.id, poll_type) {
            Ok(status) => Ok(status),
            Err(err) => {
                if let Some(poll_error) = err.to_poll_error() {
                    return Err(poll_error);
                }

                self.context.handle_error_fatal(err, "Device::poll")
            }
        }
    }

    fn get_internal_counters(&self) -> crate::InternalCounters {
        self.context.0.device_get_internal_counters(self.id)
    }

    fn generate_allocator_report(&self) -> Option<wgt::AllocatorReport> {
        self.context.0.device_generate_allocator_report(self.id)
    }

    fn destroy(&self) {
        self.context.0.device_destroy(self.id);
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreDevice {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.device_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::QueueInterface for CoreQueue {
    fn write_buffer(
        &self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        data: &[u8],
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        match self
            .context
            .0
            .queue_write_buffer(self.id, buffer.id, offset, data)
        {
            Ok(()) => (),
            Err(err) => {
                self.context
                    .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, err, "Queue::write_buffer")
            }
        }
    }

    fn create_staging_buffer(
        &self,
        size: crate::BufferSize,
    ) -> Option<dispatch::DispatchQueueWriteBuffer> {
        match self
            .context
            .0
            .queue_create_staging_buffer(self.id, size, None)
        {
            Ok((buffer_id, ptr)) => Some(
                CoreQueueWriteBuffer {
                    buffer_id,
                    mapping: CoreBufferMappedRange {
                        ptr,
                        size: size.get() as usize,
                    },
                }
                .into(),
            ),
            Err(err) => {
                self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    err,
                    "Queue::write_buffer_with",
                );
                None
            }
        }
    }

    fn validate_write_buffer(
        &self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: wgt::BufferAddress,
        size: wgt::BufferSize,
    ) -> Option<()> {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        match self
            .context
            .0
            .queue_validate_write_buffer(self.id, buffer.id, offset, size)
        {
            Ok(()) => Some(()),
            Err(err) => {
                self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    err,
                    "Queue::write_buffer_with",
                );
                None
            }
        }
    }

    fn write_staging_buffer(
        &self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        staging_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchQueueWriteBuffer,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();
        let staging_buffer = staging_buffer.as_core();

        match self.context.0.queue_write_staging_buffer(
            self.id,
            buffer.id,
            offset,
            staging_buffer.buffer_id,
        ) {
            Ok(()) => (),
            Err(err) => {
                self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    err,
                    "Queue::write_buffer_with",
                );
            }
        }
    }

    fn write_texture(
        &self,
        texture: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
        data: &[u8],
        data_layout: crate::TexelCopyBufferLayout,
        size: crate::Extent3d,
    ) {
        match self.context.0.queue_write_texture(
            self.id,
            &map_texture_copy_view(texture),
            data,
            &data_layout,
            &size,
        ) {
            Ok(()) => (),
            Err(err) => {
                self.context
                    .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, err, "Queue::write_texture")
            }
        }
    }

    // This method needs to exist if either webgpu or webgl is enabled,
    // but we only actually have an implementation if webgl is enabled.
    #[cfg(web)]
    #[cfg_attr(not(webgl), expect(unused_variables))]
    fn copy_external_image_to_texture(
        &self,
        source: &crate::CopyExternalImageSourceInfo,
        dest: crate::CopyExternalImageDestInfo<&crate::api::Texture>,
        size: crate::Extent3d,
    ) {
        #[cfg(webgl)]
        match self.context.0.queue_copy_external_image_to_texture(
            self.id,
            source,
            map_texture_tagged_copy_view(dest),
            size,
        ) {
            Ok(()) => (),
            Err(err) => self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                err,
                "Queue::copy_external_image_to_texture",
            ),
        }
    }

    fn submit(
        &self,
        command_buffers: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = dispatch::DispatchCommandBuffer>,
    ) -> u64 {
        let temp_command_buffers = command_buffers.collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
        let command_buffer_ids = temp_command_buffers
            .iter()
            .map(|cmdbuf| cmdbuf.as_core().id)
            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();

        let index = match self.context.0.queue_submit(self.id, &command_buffer_ids) {
            Ok(index) => index,
            Err((index, err)) => {
                self.context
                    .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, err, "Queue::submit");
                index
            }
        };

        drop(temp_command_buffers);

        index
    }

    fn get_timestamp_period(&self) -> f32 {
        self.context.0.queue_get_timestamp_period(self.id)
    }

    fn on_submitted_work_done(&self, callback: dispatch::BoxSubmittedWorkDoneCallback) {
        self.context
            .0
            .queue_on_submitted_work_done(self.id, callback);
    }

    fn compact_blas(&self, blas: &dispatch::DispatchBlas) -> (Option<u64>, dispatch::DispatchBlas) {
        let (id, handle, error) =
            self.context
                .0
                .queue_compact_blas(self.id, blas.as_core().id, None);

        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, cause, "Queue::compact_blas");
        }
        (
            handle,
            CoreBlas {
                context: self.context.clone(),
                id,
                error_sink: Arc::clone(&self.error_sink),
            }
            .into(),
        )
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreQueue {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.queue_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::ShaderModuleInterface for CoreShaderModule {
    fn get_compilation_info(&self) -> Pin<Box<dyn dispatch::ShaderCompilationInfoFuture>> {
        Box::pin(ready(self.compilation_info.clone()))
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreShaderModule {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.shader_module_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::BindGroupLayoutInterface for CoreBindGroupLayout {}

impl Drop for CoreBindGroupLayout {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.bind_group_layout_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::BindGroupInterface for CoreBindGroup {}

impl Drop for CoreBindGroup {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.bind_group_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::TextureViewInterface for CoreTextureView {}

impl Drop for CoreTextureView {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        // TODO: We don't use this error at all?
        let _ = self.context.0.texture_view_drop(self.id);
    }
}

impl dispatch::SamplerInterface for CoreSampler {}

impl Drop for CoreSampler {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.sampler_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::BufferInterface for CoreBuffer {
    fn map_async(
        &self,
        mode: crate::MapMode,
        range: Range<crate::BufferAddress>,
        callback: dispatch::BufferMapCallback,
    ) {
        let operation = wgc::resource::BufferMapOperation {
            host: match mode {
                MapMode::Read => wgc::device::HostMap::Read,
                MapMode::Write => wgc::device::HostMap::Write,
            },
            callback: Some(Box::new(|status| {
                let res = status.map_err(|_| crate::BufferAsyncError);
                callback(res);
            })),
        };

        match self.context.0.buffer_map_async(
            self.id,
            range.start,
            Some(range.end - range.start),
            operation,
        ) {
            Ok(_) => (),
            Err(cause) => {
                self.context
                    .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, cause, "Buffer::map_async")
            }
        }
    }

    fn get_mapped_range(
        &self,
        sub_range: Range<crate::BufferAddress>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchBufferMappedRange {
        let size = sub_range.end - sub_range.start;
        match self
            .context
            .0
            .buffer_get_mapped_range(self.id, sub_range.start, Some(size))
        {
            Ok((ptr, size)) => CoreBufferMappedRange {
                ptr,
                size: size as usize,
            }
            .into(),
            Err(err) => self
                .context
                .handle_error_fatal(err, "Buffer::get_mapped_range"),
        }
    }

    fn unmap(&self) {
        match self.context.0.buffer_unmap(self.id) {
            Ok(()) => (),
            Err(cause) => {
                self.context
                    .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, cause, "Buffer::buffer_unmap")
            }
        }
    }

    fn destroy(&self) {
        self.context.0.buffer_destroy(self.id);
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreBuffer {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.buffer_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::TextureInterface for CoreTexture {
    fn create_view(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::TextureViewDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchTextureView {
        let descriptor = wgc::resource::TextureViewDescriptor {
            label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
            format: desc.format,
            dimension: desc.dimension,
            usage: desc.usage,
            range: wgt::ImageSubresourceRange {
                aspect: desc.aspect,
                base_mip_level: desc.base_mip_level,
                mip_level_count: desc.mip_level_count,
                base_array_layer: desc.base_array_layer,
                array_layer_count: desc.array_layer_count,
            },
        };
        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .texture_create_view(self.id, &descriptor, None);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error(&self.error_sink, cause, desc.label, "Texture::create_view");
        }
        CoreTextureView {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn destroy(&self) {
        self.context.0.texture_destroy(self.id);
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreTexture {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.texture_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::BlasInterface for CoreBlas {
    fn prepare_compact_async(&self, callback: BlasCompactCallback) {
        let callback: Option<wgc::resource::BlasCompactCallback> =
            Some(Box::new(|status: BlasPrepareCompactResult| {
                let res = status.map_err(|_| crate::BlasAsyncError);
                callback(res);
            }));

        match self.context.0.blas_prepare_compact_async(self.id, callback) {
            Ok(_) => (),
            Err(cause) => self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "Blas::prepare_compact_async",
            ),
        }
    }

    fn ready_for_compaction(&self) -> bool {
        match self.context.0.ready_for_compaction(self.id) {
            Ok(ready) => ready,
            Err(cause) => {
                self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                    &self.error_sink,
                    cause,
                    "Blas::ready_for_compaction",
                );
                // A BLAS is definitely not ready for compaction if it's not valid
                false
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreBlas {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.blas_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::TlasInterface for CoreTlas {}

impl Drop for CoreTlas {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.tlas_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::QuerySetInterface for CoreQuerySet {}

impl Drop for CoreQuerySet {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.query_set_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::PipelineLayoutInterface for CorePipelineLayout {}

impl Drop for CorePipelineLayout {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.pipeline_layout_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::RenderPipelineInterface for CoreRenderPipeline {
    fn get_bind_group_layout(&self, index: u32) -> dispatch::DispatchBindGroupLayout {
        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pipeline_get_bind_group_layout(self.id, index, None);
        if let Some(err) = error {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                err,
                "RenderPipeline::get_bind_group_layout",
            )
        }
        CoreBindGroupLayout {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreRenderPipeline {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.render_pipeline_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::ComputePipelineInterface for CoreComputePipeline {
    fn get_bind_group_layout(&self, index: u32) -> dispatch::DispatchBindGroupLayout {
        let (id, error) = self
            .context
            .0
            .compute_pipeline_get_bind_group_layout(self.id, index, None);
        if let Some(err) = error {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                err,
                "ComputePipeline::get_bind_group_layout",
            )
        }
        CoreBindGroupLayout {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreComputePipeline {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.compute_pipeline_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::PipelineCacheInterface for CorePipelineCache {
    fn get_data(&self) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
        self.context.0.pipeline_cache_get_data(self.id)
    }
}

impl Drop for CorePipelineCache {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.pipeline_cache_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::CommandEncoderInterface for CoreCommandEncoder {
    fn copy_buffer_to_buffer(
        &self,
        source: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        source_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        destination: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        destination_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        copy_size: Option<crate::BufferAddress>,
    ) {
        let source = source.as_core();
        let destination = destination.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_copy_buffer_to_buffer(
            self.id,
            source.id,
            source_offset,
            destination.id,
            destination_offset,
            copy_size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::copy_buffer_to_buffer",
            );
        }
    }

    fn copy_buffer_to_texture(
        &self,
        source: crate::TexelCopyBufferInfo<'_>,
        destination: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
        copy_size: crate::Extent3d,
    ) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_copy_buffer_to_texture(
            self.id,
            &map_buffer_copy_view(source),
            &map_texture_copy_view(destination),
            &copy_size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::copy_buffer_to_texture",
            );
        }
    }

    fn copy_texture_to_buffer(
        &self,
        source: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
        destination: crate::TexelCopyBufferInfo<'_>,
        copy_size: crate::Extent3d,
    ) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_copy_texture_to_buffer(
            self.id,
            &map_texture_copy_view(source),
            &map_buffer_copy_view(destination),
            &copy_size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::copy_texture_to_buffer",
            );
        }
    }

    fn copy_texture_to_texture(
        &self,
        source: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
        destination: crate::TexelCopyTextureInfo<'_>,
        copy_size: crate::Extent3d,
    ) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_copy_texture_to_texture(
            self.id,
            &map_texture_copy_view(source),
            &map_texture_copy_view(destination),
            &copy_size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::copy_texture_to_texture",
            );
        }
    }

    fn begin_compute_pass(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::ComputePassDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchComputePass {
        let timestamp_writes =
            desc.timestamp_writes
                .as_ref()
                .map(|tw| wgc::command::PassTimestampWrites {
                    query_set: tw.query_set.inner.as_core().id,
                    beginning_of_pass_write_index: tw.beginning_of_pass_write_index,
                    end_of_pass_write_index: tw.end_of_pass_write_index,
                });

        let (pass, err) = self.context.0.command_encoder_begin_compute_pass(
            self.id,
            &wgc::command::ComputePassDescriptor {
                label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
                timestamp_writes,
            },
        );

        if let Some(cause) = err {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "CommandEncoder::begin_compute_pass",
            );
        }

        CoreComputePass {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            pass,
            error_sink: self.error_sink.clone(),
            id: crate::cmp::Identifier::create(),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn begin_render_pass(
        &self,
        desc: &crate::RenderPassDescriptor<'_>,
    ) -> dispatch::DispatchRenderPass {
        let colors = desc
            .color_attachments
            .iter()
            .map(|ca| {
                ca.as_ref()
                    .map(|at| wgc::command::RenderPassColorAttachment {
                        view: at.view.inner.as_core().id,
                        depth_slice: at.depth_slice,
                        resolve_target: at.resolve_target.map(|view| view.inner.as_core().id),
                        load_op: at.ops.load,
                        store_op: at.ops.store,
                    })
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        let depth_stencil = desc.depth_stencil_attachment.as_ref().map(|dsa| {
            wgc::command::RenderPassDepthStencilAttachment {
                view: dsa.view.inner.as_core().id,
                depth: map_pass_channel(dsa.depth_ops.as_ref()),
                stencil: map_pass_channel(dsa.stencil_ops.as_ref()),
            }
        });

        let timestamp_writes =
            desc.timestamp_writes
                .as_ref()
                .map(|tw| wgc::command::PassTimestampWrites {
                    query_set: tw.query_set.inner.as_core().id,
                    beginning_of_pass_write_index: tw.beginning_of_pass_write_index,
                    end_of_pass_write_index: tw.end_of_pass_write_index,
                });

        let (pass, err) = self.context.0.command_encoder_begin_render_pass(
            self.id,
            &wgc::command::RenderPassDescriptor {
                label: desc.label.map(Borrowed),
                timestamp_writes: timestamp_writes.as_ref(),
                color_attachments: Borrowed(&colors),
                depth_stencil_attachment: depth_stencil.as_ref(),
                occlusion_query_set: desc.occlusion_query_set.map(|qs| qs.inner.as_core().id),
            },
        );

        if let Some(cause) = err {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                desc.label,
                "CommandEncoder::begin_render_pass",
            );
        }

        CoreRenderPass {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            pass,
            error_sink: self.error_sink.clone(),
            id: crate::cmp::Identifier::create(),
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn finish(&mut self) -> dispatch::DispatchCommandBuffer {
        let descriptor = wgt::CommandBufferDescriptor::default();
        self.open = false; // prevent the drop
        let (id, error) = self.context.0.command_encoder_finish(self.id, &descriptor);
        if let Some(cause) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error_nolabel(&self.error_sink, cause, "a CommandEncoder");
        }
        CoreCommandBuffer {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            id,
        }
        .into()
    }

    fn clear_texture(
        &self,
        texture: &dispatch::DispatchTexture,
        subresource_range: &crate::ImageSubresourceRange,
    ) {
        let texture = texture.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .command_encoder_clear_texture(self.id, texture.id, subresource_range)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::clear_texture",
            );
        }
    }

    fn clear_buffer(
        &self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        size: Option<crate::BufferAddress>,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .command_encoder_clear_buffer(self.id, buffer.id, offset, size)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::fill_buffer",
            );
        }
    }

    fn insert_debug_marker(&self, label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .command_encoder_insert_debug_marker(self.id, label)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::insert_debug_marker",
            );
        }
    }

    fn push_debug_group(&self, label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .command_encoder_push_debug_group(self.id, label)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::push_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn pop_debug_group(&self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_pop_debug_group(self.id) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::pop_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn write_timestamp(&self, query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet, query_index: u32) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .command_encoder_write_timestamp(self.id, query_set.id, query_index)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::write_timestamp",
            );
        }
    }

    fn resolve_query_set(
        &self,
        query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet,
        first_query: u32,
        query_count: u32,
        destination: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        destination_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();
        let destination = destination.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.command_encoder_resolve_query_set(
            self.id,
            query_set.id,
            first_query,
            query_count,
            destination.id,
            destination_offset,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::resolve_query_set",
            );
        }
    }

    fn mark_acceleration_structures_built<'a>(
        &self,
        blas: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = &'a Blas>,
        tlas: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = &'a Tlas>,
    ) {
        let blas = blas
            .map(|b| b.inner.as_core().id)
            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
        let tlas = tlas
            .map(|t| t.inner.as_core().id)
            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .command_encoder_mark_acceleration_structures_built(self.id, &blas, &tlas)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::build_acceleration_structures_unsafe_tlas",
            );
        }
    }

    fn build_acceleration_structures<'a>(
        &self,
        blas: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = &'a crate::BlasBuildEntry<'a>>,
        tlas: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = &'a crate::Tlas>,
    ) {
        let blas = blas.map(|e: &crate::BlasBuildEntry<'_>| {
            let geometries = match e.geometry {
                crate::BlasGeometries::TriangleGeometries(ref triangle_geometries) => {
                    let iter = triangle_geometries.iter().map(|tg| {
                        wgc::ray_tracing::BlasTriangleGeometry {
                            vertex_buffer: tg.vertex_buffer.inner.as_core().id,
                            index_buffer: tg.index_buffer.map(|buf| buf.inner.as_core().id),
                            transform_buffer: tg.transform_buffer.map(|buf| buf.inner.as_core().id),
                            size: tg.size,
                            transform_buffer_offset: tg.transform_buffer_offset,
                            first_vertex: tg.first_vertex,
                            vertex_stride: tg.vertex_stride,
                            first_index: tg.first_index,
                        }
                    });
                    wgc::ray_tracing::BlasGeometries::TriangleGeometries(Box::new(iter))
                }
            };
            wgc::ray_tracing::BlasBuildEntry {
                blas_id: e.blas.inner.as_core().id,
                geometries,
            }
        });

        let tlas = tlas.into_iter().map(|e| {
            let instances = e
                .instances
                .iter()
                .map(|instance: &Option<crate::TlasInstance>| {
                    instance
                        .as_ref()
                        .map(|instance| wgc::ray_tracing::TlasInstance {
                            blas_id: instance.blas.as_core().id,
                            transform: &instance.transform,
                            custom_data: instance.custom_data,
                            mask: instance.mask,
                        })
                });
            wgc::ray_tracing::TlasPackage {
                tlas_id: e.inner.as_core().id,
                instances: Box::new(instances),
                lowest_unmodified: e.lowest_unmodified,
            }
        });

        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .command_encoder_build_acceleration_structures(self.id, blas, tlas)
        {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::build_acceleration_structures_unsafe_tlas",
            );
        }
    }

    fn transition_resources<'a>(
        &mut self,
        buffer_transitions: &mut dyn Iterator<
            Item = wgt::BufferTransition<&'a dispatch::DispatchBuffer>,
        >,
        texture_transitions: &mut dyn Iterator<
            Item = wgt::TextureTransition<&'a dispatch::DispatchTexture>,
        >,
    ) {
        let result = self.context.0.command_encoder_transition_resources(
            self.id,
            buffer_transitions.map(|t| wgt::BufferTransition {
                buffer: t.buffer.as_core().id,
                state: t.state,
            }),
            texture_transitions.map(|t| wgt::TextureTransition {
                texture: t.texture.as_core().id,
                selector: t.selector.clone(),
                state: t.state,
            }),
        );

        if let Err(cause) = result {
            self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                "CommandEncoder::transition_resources",
            );
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreCommandEncoder {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        if self.open {
            self.context.0.command_encoder_drop(self.id)
        }
    }
}

impl dispatch::CommandBufferInterface for CoreCommandBuffer {}

impl Drop for CoreCommandBuffer {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.command_buffer_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::ComputePassInterface for CoreComputePass {
    fn set_pipeline(&mut self, pipeline: &dispatch::DispatchComputePipeline) {
        let pipeline = pipeline.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .compute_pass_set_pipeline(&mut self.pass, pipeline.id)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::set_pipeline",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_bind_group(
        &mut self,
        index: u32,
        bind_group: Option<&dispatch::DispatchBindGroup>,
        offsets: &[crate::DynamicOffset],
    ) {
        let bg = bind_group.map(|bg| bg.as_core().id);

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .compute_pass_set_bind_group(&mut self.pass, index, bg, offsets)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::set_bind_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_push_constants(&mut self, offset: u32, data: &[u8]) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .compute_pass_set_push_constants(&mut self.pass, offset, data)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::set_push_constant",
            );
        }
    }

    fn insert_debug_marker(&mut self, label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .compute_pass_insert_debug_marker(&mut self.pass, label, 0)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::insert_debug_marker",
            );
        }
    }

    fn push_debug_group(&mut self, group_label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .compute_pass_push_debug_group(&mut self.pass, group_label, 0)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::push_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn pop_debug_group(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.compute_pass_pop_debug_group(&mut self.pass) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::pop_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn write_timestamp(&mut self, query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet, query_index: u32) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .compute_pass_write_timestamp(&mut self.pass, query_set.id, query_index)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::write_timestamp",
            );
        }
    }

    fn begin_pipeline_statistics_query(
        &mut self,
        query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet,
        query_index: u32,
    ) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.compute_pass_begin_pipeline_statistics_query(
            &mut self.pass,
            query_set.id,
            query_index,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::begin_pipeline_statistics_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn end_pipeline_statistics_query(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .compute_pass_end_pipeline_statistics_query(&mut self.pass)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::end_pipeline_statistics_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn dispatch_workgroups(&mut self, x: u32, y: u32, z: u32) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .compute_pass_dispatch_workgroups(&mut self.pass, x, y, z)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::dispatch_workgroups",
            );
        }
    }

    fn dispatch_workgroups_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.compute_pass_dispatch_workgroups_indirect(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::dispatch_workgroups_indirect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn end(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.compute_pass_end(&mut self.pass) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "ComputePass::end",
            );
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreComputePass {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        dispatch::ComputePassInterface::end(self);
    }
}

impl dispatch::RenderPassInterface for CoreRenderPass {
    fn set_pipeline(&mut self, pipeline: &dispatch::DispatchRenderPipeline) {
        let pipeline = pipeline.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_set_pipeline(&mut self.pass, pipeline.id)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_pipeline",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_bind_group(
        &mut self,
        index: u32,
        bind_group: Option<&dispatch::DispatchBindGroup>,
        offsets: &[crate::DynamicOffset],
    ) {
        let bg = bind_group.map(|bg| bg.as_core().id);

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .render_pass_set_bind_group(&mut self.pass, index, bg, offsets)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_bind_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_index_buffer(
        &mut self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        index_format: crate::IndexFormat,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        size: Option<crate::BufferSize>,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_set_index_buffer(
            &mut self.pass,
            buffer.id,
            index_format,
            offset,
            size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_index_buffer",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_vertex_buffer(
        &mut self,
        slot: u32,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        size: Option<crate::BufferSize>,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_set_vertex_buffer(
            &mut self.pass,
            slot,
            buffer.id,
            offset,
            size,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_vertex_buffer",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_push_constants(&mut self, stages: crate::ShaderStages, offset: u32, data: &[u8]) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .render_pass_set_push_constants(&mut self.pass, stages, offset, data)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_push_constants",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_blend_constant(&mut self, color: crate::Color) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_set_blend_constant(&mut self.pass, color)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_blend_constant",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_scissor_rect(&mut self, x: u32, y: u32, width: u32, height: u32) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .render_pass_set_scissor_rect(&mut self.pass, x, y, width, height)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_scissor_rect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_viewport(
        &mut self,
        x: f32,
        y: f32,
        width: f32,
        height: f32,
        min_depth: f32,
        max_depth: f32,
    ) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_set_viewport(
            &mut self.pass,
            x,
            y,
            width,
            height,
            min_depth,
            max_depth,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_viewport",
            );
        }
    }

    fn set_stencil_reference(&mut self, reference: u32) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_set_stencil_reference(&mut self.pass, reference)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::set_stencil_reference",
            );
        }
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, vertices: Range<u32>, instances: Range<u32>) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_draw(
            &mut self.pass,
            vertices.end - vertices.start,
            instances.end - instances.start,
            vertices.start,
            instances.start,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::draw",
            );
        }
    }

    fn draw_indexed(&mut self, indices: Range<u32>, base_vertex: i32, instances: Range<u32>) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_draw_indexed(
            &mut self.pass,
            indices.end - indices.start,
            instances.end - instances.start,
            indices.start,
            base_vertex,
            instances.start,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::draw_indexed",
            );
        }
    }

    fn draw_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_draw_indirect(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::draw_indirect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn draw_indexed_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_draw_indexed_indirect(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::draw_indexed_indirect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn multi_draw_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        count: u32,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_multi_draw_indirect(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
            count,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::multi_draw_indirect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn multi_draw_indexed_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        count: u32,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_multi_draw_indexed_indirect(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
            count,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::multi_draw_indexed_indirect",
            );
        }
    }

    fn multi_draw_indirect_count(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        count_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        count_buffer_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        max_count: u32,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();
        let count_buffer = count_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_multi_draw_indirect_count(
            &mut self.pass,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
            count_buffer.id,
            count_buffer_offset,
            max_count,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::multi_draw_indirect_count",
            );
        }
    }

    fn multi_draw_indexed_indirect_count(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        count_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        count_buffer_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        max_count: u32,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();
        let count_buffer = count_buffer.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_multi_draw_indexed_indirect_count(
                &mut self.pass,
                indirect_buffer.id,
                indirect_offset,
                count_buffer.id,
                count_buffer_offset,
                max_count,
            )
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::multi_draw_indexed_indirect_count",
            );
        }
    }

    fn insert_debug_marker(&mut self, label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_insert_debug_marker(&mut self.pass, label, 0)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::insert_debug_marker",
            );
        }
    }

    fn push_debug_group(&mut self, group_label: &str) {
        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .render_pass_push_debug_group(&mut self.pass, group_label, 0)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::push_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn pop_debug_group(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_pop_debug_group(&mut self.pass) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::pop_debug_group",
            );
        }
    }

    fn write_timestamp(&mut self, query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet, query_index: u32) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) =
            self.context
                .0
                .render_pass_write_timestamp(&mut self.pass, query_set.id, query_index)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::write_timestamp",
            );
        }
    }

    fn begin_occlusion_query(&mut self, query_index: u32) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_begin_occlusion_query(&mut self.pass, query_index)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::begin_occlusion_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn end_occlusion_query(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_end_occlusion_query(&mut self.pass)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::end_occlusion_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn begin_pipeline_statistics_query(
        &mut self,
        query_set: &dispatch::DispatchQuerySet,
        query_index: u32,
    ) {
        let query_set = query_set.as_core();

        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_begin_pipeline_statistics_query(
            &mut self.pass,
            query_set.id,
            query_index,
        ) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::begin_pipeline_statistics_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn end_pipeline_statistics_query(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_end_pipeline_statistics_query(&mut self.pass)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::end_pipeline_statistics_query",
            );
        }
    }

    fn execute_bundles(
        &mut self,
        render_bundles: &mut dyn Iterator<Item = &dispatch::DispatchRenderBundle>,
    ) {
        let temp_render_bundles = render_bundles
            .map(|rb| rb.as_core().id)
            .collect::<SmallVec<[_; 4]>>();
        if let Err(cause) = self
            .context
            .0
            .render_pass_execute_bundles(&mut self.pass, &temp_render_bundles)
        {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::execute_bundles",
            );
        }
    }

    fn end(&mut self) {
        if let Err(cause) = self.context.0.render_pass_end(&mut self.pass) {
            self.context.handle_error(
                &self.error_sink,
                cause,
                self.pass.label(),
                "RenderPass::end",
            );
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreRenderPass {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        dispatch::RenderPassInterface::end(self);
    }
}

impl dispatch::RenderBundleEncoderInterface for CoreRenderBundleEncoder {
    fn set_pipeline(&mut self, pipeline: &dispatch::DispatchRenderPipeline) {
        let pipeline = pipeline.as_core();

        wgpu_render_bundle_set_pipeline(&mut self.encoder, pipeline.id)
    }

    fn set_bind_group(
        &mut self,
        index: u32,
        bind_group: Option<&dispatch::DispatchBindGroup>,
        offsets: &[crate::DynamicOffset],
    ) {
        let bg = bind_group.map(|bg| bg.as_core().id);

        unsafe {
            wgpu_render_bundle_set_bind_group(
                &mut self.encoder,
                index,
                bg,
                offsets.as_ptr(),
                offsets.len(),
            )
        }
    }

    fn set_index_buffer(
        &mut self,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        index_format: crate::IndexFormat,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        size: Option<crate::BufferSize>,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        self.encoder
            .set_index_buffer(buffer.id, index_format, offset, size)
    }

    fn set_vertex_buffer(
        &mut self,
        slot: u32,
        buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        offset: crate::BufferAddress,
        size: Option<crate::BufferSize>,
    ) {
        let buffer = buffer.as_core();

        wgpu_render_bundle_set_vertex_buffer(&mut self.encoder, slot, buffer.id, offset, size)
    }

    fn set_push_constants(&mut self, stages: crate::ShaderStages, offset: u32, data: &[u8]) {
        unsafe {
            wgpu_render_bundle_set_push_constants(
                &mut self.encoder,
                stages,
                offset,
                data.len().try_into().unwrap(),
                data.as_ptr(),
            )
        }
    }

    fn draw(&mut self, vertices: Range<u32>, instances: Range<u32>) {
        wgpu_render_bundle_draw(
            &mut self.encoder,
            vertices.end - vertices.start,
            instances.end - instances.start,
            vertices.start,
            instances.start,
        )
    }

    fn draw_indexed(&mut self, indices: Range<u32>, base_vertex: i32, instances: Range<u32>) {
        wgpu_render_bundle_draw_indexed(
            &mut self.encoder,
            indices.end - indices.start,
            instances.end - instances.start,
            indices.start,
            base_vertex,
            instances.start,
        )
    }

    fn draw_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        wgpu_render_bundle_draw_indirect(&mut self.encoder, indirect_buffer.id, indirect_offset)
    }

    fn draw_indexed_indirect(
        &mut self,
        indirect_buffer: &dispatch::DispatchBuffer,
        indirect_offset: crate::BufferAddress,
    ) {
        let indirect_buffer = indirect_buffer.as_core();

        wgpu_render_bundle_draw_indexed_indirect(
            &mut self.encoder,
            indirect_buffer.id,
            indirect_offset,
        )
    }

    fn finish(self, desc: &crate::RenderBundleDescriptor<'_>) -> dispatch::DispatchRenderBundle
    where
        Self: Sized,
    {
        let (id, error) = self.context.0.render_bundle_encoder_finish(
            self.encoder,
            &desc.map_label(|l| l.map(Borrowed)),
            None,
        );
        if let Some(err) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error_fatal(err, "RenderBundleEncoder::finish");
        }
        CoreRenderBundle { id }.into()
    }
}

impl dispatch::RenderBundleInterface for CoreRenderBundle {}

impl dispatch::SurfaceInterface for CoreSurface {
    fn get_capabilities(&self, adapter: &dispatch::DispatchAdapter) -> wgt::SurfaceCapabilities {
        let adapter = adapter.as_core();

        self.context
            .0
            .surface_get_capabilities(self.id, adapter.id)
            .unwrap_or_default()
    }

    fn configure(&self, device: &dispatch::DispatchDevice, config: &crate::SurfaceConfiguration) {
        let device = device.as_core();

        let error = self.context.0.surface_configure(self.id, device.id, config);
        if let Some(e) = error {
            self.context
                .handle_error_nolabel(&device.error_sink, e, "Surface::configure");
        } else {
            *self.configured_device.lock() = Some(device.id);
            *self.error_sink.lock() = Some(device.error_sink.clone());
        }
    }

    fn get_current_texture(
        &self,
    ) -> (
        Option<dispatch::DispatchTexture>,
        crate::SurfaceStatus,
        dispatch::DispatchSurfaceOutputDetail,
    ) {
        let output_detail = CoreSurfaceOutputDetail {
            context: self.context.clone(),
            surface_id: self.id,
        }
        .into();

        match self.context.0.surface_get_current_texture(self.id, None) {
            Ok(wgc::present::SurfaceOutput {
                status,
                texture: texture_id,
            }) => {
                let data = texture_id
                    .map(|id| CoreTexture {
                        context: self.context.clone(),
                        id,
                        error_sink: Arc::new(Mutex::new(ErrorSinkRaw::new())),
                    })
                    .map(Into::into);

                (data, status, output_detail)
            }
            Err(err) => {
                let error_sink = self.error_sink.lock();
                match error_sink.as_ref() {
                    Some(error_sink) => {
                        self.context.handle_error_nolabel(
                            error_sink,
                            err,
                            "Surface::get_current_texture_view",
                        );
                        (None, crate::SurfaceStatus::Unknown, output_detail)
                    }
                    None => self
                        .context
                        .handle_error_fatal(err, "Surface::get_current_texture_view"),
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

impl Drop for CoreSurface {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        self.context.0.surface_drop(self.id)
    }
}

impl dispatch::SurfaceOutputDetailInterface for CoreSurfaceOutputDetail {
    fn present(&self) {
        match self.context.0.surface_present(self.surface_id) {
            Ok(_status) => (),
            Err(err) => self.context.handle_error_fatal(err, "Surface::present"),
        }
    }

    fn texture_discard(&self) {
        match self.context.0.surface_texture_discard(self.surface_id) {
            Ok(_status) => (),
            Err(err) => self
                .context
                .handle_error_fatal(err, "Surface::discard_texture"),
        }
    }
}
impl Drop for CoreSurfaceOutputDetail {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        // Discard gets called by the api struct

        // no-op
    }
}

impl dispatch::QueueWriteBufferInterface for CoreQueueWriteBuffer {
    fn slice(&self) -> &[u8] {
        panic!()
    }

    #[inline]
    fn slice_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
        self.mapping.slice_mut()
    }
}
impl Drop for CoreQueueWriteBuffer {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        // The api struct calls queue.write_staging_buffer

        // no-op
    }
}

impl dispatch::BufferMappedRangeInterface for CoreBufferMappedRange {
    #[inline]
    fn slice(&self) -> &[u8] {
        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(self.ptr.as_ptr(), self.size) }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn slice_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(self.ptr.as_ptr(), self.size) }
    }

    #[cfg(webgpu)]
    fn as_uint8array(&self) -> &js_sys::Uint8Array {
        panic!("Only available on WebGPU")
    }
}